Cushion-tire.



PATENTED MAY l, 1906.

a SHEETS-:SHEET s.

MAQ

P. M. ASHLEY. CUSHION TIRE.

APPLIUATION FILED AUG. s, 190s.

l; we Non No. 819,036. PATENTED MAY l', 1906. F. M. ASHLEY. CUSHIONTIRE.

APPLIGATION FILED AUG. s, 1903.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CUSHION-TIRE.

ivo. 819,036.

Specification of Letters Patent.

`Patenteol May 1, 1906.

Application filed August 3, 1903. Serial No. 167.984.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRANK M. ASHLEY, a. citizen of the United States,and a resident kof New York, in the county of New York and State of NewYork, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cushion-Tires, of which ,the following is a Specification.

The present invention relates to what are known as cushion-tires," theobject of the invention being the production of a tire capable otsatisfactory resiliency and durability with a minimum amount of rubber.

The invention further has in view provision whereby the same core-piecesmay be used in different styles of tires and also wherebysuchcore-pieces may be further used with a new cover after the outer coveror tread portion is worn out.

A further object of the invention is to provide novel and efficientmeans for firmly holding the tire to the wheel-rim.

In carrying out the invention I employ a form of truss construction insuch a manner that the truss-sections will assume a condition oftension, which tension will increase with the load. I also providemeanswhereby the longitudinal strength of the tire is such thatexcessive stretching in this direction is avoided.

In the accompanying drawings, forming part ot this speci'ication,Figure1 is a cross-sectional view of one style oi a tire embodying myinvention and also showing the wheel rim, telly, and means securing saidtire in the rim. Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal sectional viewdisclosing the rim, telly, means for securing the tire in the rim, andmeans holding the rim-sections together. Fig. 3 is a sectional plan viewof the tire, the section'being in the plane indicated by the broken lineFig 1. Fig. 4 isa somewhat similar view, but disclosing larger pocketsfor more suitably adapting the tire for lighter-weight vehicles than thelform illustrated in the preceding figure. Fig. 5 is another sectionalplan. view illustrating a larger tire and also showing the trussescrossed and strengthened by longitudinal web-sections. Fig. 6 is atransverse section ot' another form of the tire embodying two of thccore-sections laid together to give additional elasticity and providinga construction which may be stretched and sprung into the rim when thelatter is in one piece. Fig. 7 is another transverse sectional view7 thesame illustrating a style of tire somewhat like that disclosed in Fig.1, the tire, however, being held in the rim by binding-wires. Fig. 8 isa sectional plan of the tire disclosed in Fig. 6, thesection being takenin the lane indicated by the broken line y y of said 'gure. Figs. 9, 10,and 11 are sectional plan views ofthe tire, the sections being taken inthe same plane as Fig. 8 and exhibiting slight modiiications.

' Figs. 12 to 14, inclusive, are longitudinal sections of tires viewedfrom the inner sides thereof and disclosing further modifications of theinvention. Fig. 15 is a transverse sectional view of a tire embodyingthe construction illustrated in Fig. 13.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive, A indicates the core of the tire;B, the wrapper of canvas or other desired material; C C, the se'ctionsconstituting the Wheel-rim; D, the telly of the wheel; E, thetire-fastening device, and F the means used for securing the rim to thefelly of the wheel.

I make the core A so that the same'will comprise walls of rubber orother suitable material, which walls are formed to present V-shapedpockets A in each side of the core. The V shape is imparted to thepockets by cutting appropriate grooves in the molds in which the core isproduced, which grooves are at an angle to its longitudinal line andcrossing this line at the same angle in the opposite direction, thusforming a mold that will result in a truss construction across the core,as more clearly indicated in Fig. 5..

The width of the pockets A can be such as to meet the conditions createdby the usage of the vehicle. If heavy loads are to be carried, thepockets are made smaller, thus involving more rubber and producing aheavier and stronger tire. For lighter loads the pockets will be largerand the other conditions reversely modified. It will be seen that bythis construction a central webA2 of rubber can be formed in thecore-section, which web extends to the canvas B. This web materiallystrengthens the tire in its longitudinal direction and relieves thecanvas cover B of part of the strain it would otherwise have to stand.

When the tire is subjected to tread compression, this central web isdeflected, and as the load pressure is transmitted to the sides of thetire at a a, Fig. 1, the side walls A3 of rubber are placed undertension rather than compression, the space or clearance G at the IOCybase of the core ermitting the web A2 to become considerab y depressedbefore it abuts.`

5 erally-disposed radial walls is horizontal contiguous to the tiresides, thus' roviding for the bearing-points al a., previously alludedto, each wall edge containing intermediately of the horizontal bearingportions an-extended i0 horizontal arch which coacts'to form theclearance-space G. In making a larger tire, as illustrated in Fig. 5, Iprefer to employ several of the longitudinal Webs A2, distributed tosuit requirements, and in this 'figure I have shown the .cross-walls ortrusses of different thicknesses-as, for instance, the continued trussA4 is .of a different thickness than that of the truss A5. Therefore Imay construct the 2O ,trusses of any` .strength that may be desired Ebyusing trusses of different thickness'esl in l zthe sametire.

` vAS Aindicated in Fig. 11,v I may dispense with the central web A2,for if the pockets are made of suiiicient length the would extend acrossthe web A2, but still eave the trusswalls to receive the load-pressure,and as the Walls extend to thecanvas B they contribute to form a veryeffective and resilient tire. IThis construction locates the rubber justwhere it is needed ,in the tire to be of the greatest benefit.

,In making .the tire the core is 'formed wrapped with canvas, the lu s Hbeing placed 1n Wosition at short interva s, and it is then canized inthe usual manner. In securing the tire to the rimv I prefer to 'securethe style of tire shown in Fig. 1, as follows: I roll two sections C C,conj ointly adapt- 4 ed to constitute the rim,`and shrink theleftsection onto the felly; The tire is next placed in the right sectionand-screws H are screwed into the lugs H, thus holding the tire. 'Thetire and associated rim section Vare then sliplped into position on thewheel',

.and the who e secured by screwing the bolts 3, onexof which is shown inFi 2, into the 'bottOIns of the rim-sections. his holds the tiresecurely.

. y In the style of .tire shown in Fig. 6 the coresections A are laidtogether, wrapped with canvas B, vulcanized in the usual manner, and thetire thus formed stretched and sprung iinto position in the rim C,screws and lugs be- 55 vingremployed for retaining it.

he tire disclosed in Fig. 7 is held by bindlng-Wires K. The ed es of thecanvas B may vbe secured together, i desired, and the Wires then drawntight, the ends of said Wires, which 6 o extend through holes in therim, being secured in any convenient manner.

'The angular construction of the trusses extending from side to side ofthe tirewith the .ends joined results in a cushion eHect Whereby sidethrusts are transmitted to the walls in such a manneras to give a finecushioning action, and the entire construction 1s such that Yno part ofthe tire can be stretched beyond the elastic limit of the sections.

LThe core portion may be vulcanized to the 7o canvas wrapper or leftfree, as circumstances may require.

When the tread-section I becomes worn, a

new section maybe vulcanized in position,

thus providing for double wear. In Fig. 12 the arrangement of core A isAsuch that not only do the wall a of the pockets A converge toward thecentral web A2 but such Walls areV also beveled or inclined toward eachother in thcdirection of the tire- 8o tread. It will, furthermore, becomprehended that the core is fashioned to present an inner' end a2 foreach pocket, which inclines in the direction of the vertical center ofthe core. As will be readily appreciated, when compression is incurredat cthe tread-surface of the tire the core is inwardly deflected,resulting in the walls a being brought more or less in mutual contact,according to the degree of compression,`and such contact occurring pro-9o gressivelyfrom the direction of the outer convergences of the walls.The effect of such contact of the surface-walls is to reduce theelasticity of the core and increase the capacity of the sameforresisting longitudinal strain. Moreover, the increase in the corerigidity serves to transfer the load compression to the side Walls A3,to be borne by the. latter, and which in the meantime have beenreinforced bythe tension under which the roo core .is laced. Anotherfeature connected with this arrangement of core is that when the latterexperiences tread compression, as aforesaid, the deflection of thecentral web results in the end walls a2 assumin nearly a verticalposition, thus great y aug- Y vmenting the tensionl effect prevlouslymentioned. f' 1 In the type of core illustrated in Fig. 13 the pockets Aare somewhat more ample 11o .than are vthose represented in the previousfigures. Furthermore, in this said Fig. 13 t e end walls a2 are notinclined. In Fig. 14 the walls a are not inclined, but the end walls a2are. Many of the functions for which the 1 i 5 construction of Fig. 12is adapted will also be performed by the constructions of the succeedingfigures, as will be readily apparent.

I do not desire to be understood as limiting myself to the particularfeatures and arrange- 12o' ments of parts shown and described, butreserve the right to all modifications that may be within the scope ofmy invention.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Let- 12 5 ters Patent, is- I 1. A tire' ortion comprisingyielding side walls contri uting to form an inner recess,

radial Walls integral with and laterally disposed, said radialWallsbeing integral with 13o more a tire portion in the inner sidethereof and presenting interiorly extended transverse edges containingtransversely-extended radial arches forming a clearance or space forpromoting the movements of the tire under tread compression, and aradial longitudinal web intersecting the radial Walls and extendingcontinuously from the roof of the arch to the top of the tire portion.

2. A tire portion presenting integrally- `elding side Walls contributingto form an inner recess, radial Walls integral With and laterallyTdisposed, said radial Walls being integral with a tire portion in theinner' side thereof and presenting interiorly-extended transverse edgescontaining transversely-extended radial arches forming a clearance orspace for promoting the movements of the tire under tread compression,and a radial longitudinal Web intersecting the radial Walls andextending continuously from the roof of the arch to the top of the tireportion.

3. A tire portion comprising yielding side Walls contributing to form aninner recess, and radial Walls in a'longitudinal series Within saidrecess and also yielding, each of said radial Walls being laterallyoblique, integral With said side Walls and continuously spanning saidrecess.

4. A tire portion comprising yielding side Walls contributing to form aninner recess, a radial longitudinal Web Within said recess, and radialWalls at opposite sides of the web, said radial Walls being laterallyoblique and integral With the said side Walls.

5. ln a tire, a core containing an inner recess and radial Walls Withinthetlatter and integral With said core, said Walls being each laterallyoblique and continuously s anning said recess at both sides of theradiali center thereof.

6. ln a tire, a core-section comprising a flexible material andcontaining an inner longitudinally-extending recess, and radial WallsWithin the latter' andy integral With the coresection, said Walls beinglaterally oblique and continuously spanning said recess.

7. ln a tire, a cor'e containing an inner longitudinally-extendingrecess, a longitudinal Web Within said recess and integral With thecore, and radial Walls obliquely disposed Within and each spanning therecess.

8. ln a tire, a flexible core containing an innerlongitudinally-extending recess, a plurality of longitudinal Webs Withinsaid recess and integral with the core, and integral radial Wallsobliquely disposed Within and each spanning the recess.

9. ln a tire, a core containing an inner longitudinally-extendingrecess, radial Walls integral with the said core and each obliquelydisposed Within and continuously spanning said recess, and a flexiblecovering. for the core.

10. In a tire, a core containing an inner longitudinally-extendingrecess, a longitudinal Web Within said recess and integral with thecore, integral lateral Walls obliquely Within and each spanning saidrecess, and a flexible covering for the core.

11. In a tire, a core containing an inner longitudinally-extendingrecess, a plurality of ongitudinal Webs Within said recess and integralWith the core, integral lateral Walls obliquely Within and .eachspanning said space, and a covering for the core.

12. A tire embodying side Walls and a longitudinal Web, the latter forlimiting the longitudinal strain but adapted to recede under treadcompression, and a plurality of laterally obli ue connections at eachside of the web for p acing said side Walls under tension when treadcompression is incurred.

13. A tire embodying side Walls presenting an intermediate inner recess,a longitudinal web Within such recess and integrally supported at itsouter edge, and oblique trusssections integrally connecting the Web andside Walls and spanning the recess.

1 4. The combination with a felly and Wheelrim, the latter comprisingtwo sections overlapping at the felly, of a yielding tire containing ugsprovided with longitudinally-extended heads interiorly clampin T 'thetire, screws bearing in one of the overlap ing rim portions and engagingthe lugs an( bolts bearing in the felly and engaging both overlappingportions of the rim-sections.

15. In a tire, an integral core of flexible material having laterallydisposed V shaped openings contracting in the direction of thecorecenter and open at their inner sides.

16. A tire portlon comprising yielding side Walls contributing to forman inner recess, and radial'walls in a longitudinal series Within saidrecess, said Walls presenting interior IOO edges embodying sidehorizontal bearing portions and intermediate extended horizontal arch,the latter coacting to form an inner clearance space for romoting themovements of the Walls un er tread compression.

'17. A tire portion comprising yielding side Walls contributing to forman inner recess, and radial Walls in a longitudinal series Within andtransversely spanning said recess, certain of said radial Wallspartaking of a horizontal Obliquity in a direction opposit/e to thelateral obliqueness of the other Walls.

18. A tire portion comprisingyielding side Walls contributing to fornian inner recess, and radial Walls in a longitudinal series Within saidrecess, certain of said radial Walls being laterally oblique andintersecting certain of the other radial Walls to formhorizontallycontracting interspaces.

19. A tire portion comprising yielding side Walls contributing to forman inner recess, and radial walls in a longitudinal series with saidrecess, certain of said radial Walls partaking of a horizontal Obliquityin adirection IIS oppositev to the lateral obliqueness of' the otherradial Walls whereby the Walls mutually intersect and formhorizontally-contracting interspaces.

20. A tire portion comprising yielding side Walls contributing toform aninner recess, a longitudinal radial Web Within said recess, and radialWalls also Within said recess and intersecting the Web at an angle,certain ofv said radial Walls partaking of a horizontaloby liquity in adirection opposite to the lateral obliqueness of the other Walls.

21. A tire portion comprising yielding side Walls contributing to forman inner recess,

' and radial Walls in a longitudinal series therein and presentinghorizontallycontracting ,i

interspaces, one of the surfaces forming Which is radially inclined. l

22. A tire portion comprising yielding side Walls contributing to forman inner recess, and radial Walls in a longitudinal series therein andpresenting horizontallycontracting interspaces. the opposite Wallsurfaces of each space being mutually radially converged.

Signed at New York, in ,the county of New c York and State of NewYork,this 7th day of July, A. D. 1903. 1 I

'FRANK MASHLEY.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM PAXTON, f HELEN E. MAHER.

